The Metonic Cycle of 19 years was very important in ancient astronomy as was also the 33-year cycle. (See the links)
The system of heliacal risings found for the Patriarchs and Pharaohs is an "integrated" system of some kind first conceived and created at one location in toto prior to the deification of later historical kings, whose reigns, kingdoms or generations were then applied to the stellar phenomena. Much of the data seems to be ordered as a mnemonic device: Here is the evidence for this:
1.
The "lives" from Adam to Jared total 5514 for SIX patriarchs, which is equally divisible by SIX to give 919. Enoch is "inbetween" with 365 days as an intercalary leap year.
2.
The "lives" from Adam to Terah i.e. the NINETEEN patriarchs prior to Abraham totals 11571 which is exactly divisible by 19 (19 is the critical astronomical Metonic period) giving 609. Is there an important astronomical calculation here? Yes. We use both figures from above - 919 and 609 - as follows. 919 defective months x 29 = 26651 609 full months x 30 = 18270, so that we calculate 26651+18270= 44921 days plus Enoch as a "leap day" = 44922. If 44922 is divided by 123 years this gives a value for the tropical (star) year of 365.22 days (The closest ancient approximation was Hipparchus at 365.242 days.)
3.
The lives from Adam to Joseph for 23 patriarchs totals 12183 (the "gods" of the Sumerian city Kish are also 23).
If we subtract each of those 23 patriarchs as one intercalation or "jubilee" year from 12183 this equals 12160 which is exactly divisible by 76 (4x19 of the Metonic period).
If you add up the time elapsed from son to son for all the "sons" estimating Jacob's age at Joseph's birth at 84, and adding the life of Joseph, then the 23 patriarchs add up to a total of 2300 for their age at the birth of sons, or an average of 100 each at birth, i.e. 33.33 years - if we take 3 seasons as the measure of a year.
Analysis of the Generations of the Bible shows that the Biblical Patriarchs were kings deified as stars in the heavens: Each was assigned a "star realm" from one star to another.
ADAM - 930
ADAM - 930 is his "age" in the Bible From the Left Lower Corner Star of the Great Square, ADAM, to the star Arcturus (thrice around, 365 + 365 + 200) is 930 days. The above stars are NODE stars to (across from) each other. Arcturus rises as the left lower corner star of the Great Square sets. 1. Pegasus, the White Horse, was used as a 4-Corner-Square Stellar Constellation to serve for the cardinal points of Heaven. See for this Latvian Daina 54913. 2. The three-times "around" is evidenced for the Pharaohs, see Narmer heb-sed. See also Latvian Daina 55348. For the astronomical tradition of thrice-around, see also Garden of Eden.
IMPORTANT: To find the next STAR, we always look to the Biblical SON.
SETH is born to ADAM and EVE after the birth of Cain and Abel (who are Castor and Pollux in Gemini) as ADAM is 130. This is the distance in rising star days from the Left Lower Corner Star of the Great Square, ADAM, to the star SIRIUS, that is SETH, the brightest star in the heavens, and revered as SETH or SOTHIS by the Pharaohs.
The above means: if the left lower corner star of the Great Square is the heliacal rising star at dawn, it takes 130 days until Sirius is the dawn's rising star. As calculated by William Walker III, this only applies at circa 42.5 degrees latitude - i.e. the Black Sea.
SETH - 912 SETH - Age in the Bible, 912 From the star Sirius, SETH, to the star Altair in Aquila (thrice around) is 912 days. These again, are node stars. The star Altair sets as the star Sirius rises.
ENOS is born as Seth is 105. From the star Sirius rising, SETH, to the setting of the Left Upper Corner Star of the Great Square, ENOS, is 105 days.
ENOS - 905 ENOS- Age in the Bible, 905 From the Left Upper Corner Star of the Great Square, ENOS, to the star Regulus (thrice around) is 905 days. These again, are node stars. The star Regulus sets as the left upper corner star of the Great Square rises.
CAINAN is born as Enos is 90. From the Left Upper Corner Star of the Great Square setting to the star PROCYON setting, CAINAN (= proCYON), is 90 days.
CAINAN- 910 CAINAN - Age in the Bible, 910 From the star Procyon, CAINAN, to the star Altair in Aquila (thrice around) is 910 days.These again, are node stars. Altair sets as Procyon rises.
MAHALALEEL is born as Cainan is 70. From the star Procyon rising, CAINAN, to the Right Lower Corner Star of the Great Square, MAHALALEEL, setting, is 70 days.
MAHALALEEL - 895 MAHALALEEL- Age in the Bible, 895 From the Right Lower Corner Star of the Great Square to Regulus is 895 days. These again are node stars. Regulus sets as the right lower corner star of the Great Square rises.
JARED is born as Mahalaleel is 65. From the Right Lower Corner Star of the Great Square rising, MAHALALEEL, to the star Mira Ceti (Mira, the Miraculous One, a variable star), JARED, rising is 65 days. JARED - 962
JARED- Age in the Bible, 962 From the star Mira Ceti rising to the star Vega in Lyra rising is 962 days. These again, are node stars. The star Vega rises as Mira Ceti sets.
ENOCH is born as Jared is 162. From the star Mira Ceti rising, JARED, to the Right Upper Corner Star of the Great Square rising, ENOCH, is 162 days.
ENOCH - 365 ENOCH- Age in the Bible,365 - The Right Upper Corner Star of the Great Square once around to itself is 365 days, one year. The birth and death of Biblical Patriarchs assigned to the four corners of the Great Square was thus complete.
Enoch walked with God...and GOD took him. Genesis, 5, 23.
Methuselah is born as Enoch is 65. From the Right Upper Corner Star of the Great Square, ENOCH, to the star cluster Pleiades, METHUSELAH, is 65 days. METHUSELAH - 969
METHUSELAH - Age in the Bible, 969 From the setting of the star cluster Pleiades to the setting of the star Vega in Lyra (thrice around) is 969 days. These again are node stars. The star Vega rises as the Pleiades set.
Lamech is born as Methuselah is 187. From the Pleiades rising, METHUSELAH, to Vega rising, LAMECH, is 187 days.
LAMECH - 777 LAMECH- Age in the Bible, 777 From the rising of the star Vega to the rising of the star Altair in Aquila is 777 days. These again are node stars. The star Altair sets as Vega sets.
Noah is born as Lamech is 182. From the star Vega, LAMECH, to the star Aldebaran and the star cluster Hyades, NOAH, is 182 days.
NOAH- 950
NOAH- Age in the Bible, 950 From the star Aldebaran and the Hyades to the star beta-Scorpionis (the stinger of Scorpio) near Antares is 950 days. These are node stars. Beta-Scorpionis (near Antares) rising is the node star to Aldebaran and the Hyades, setting. (These stars defined the nodes of the ecliptic to the sphere of the celestial equator in 2340 B.C.)
Shem is born as Noah is 500. From Aldebaran and the Hyades to the star Arcturus, twice around, is 500 days
After Noah, because of the "Great Flood" of the precession of the equinoxes - which moved the "Ark" of "Heaven" - the old Patriarchs "passed away" and the stars were named anew.
SHEM SHEM - Biblical age, 600 From the star Arcturus, SHEM, twice around to Aldebaran and the Hyades is 600 days. Arcturus and Aldebaran (with the Hyades) are node stars. The star Aldebaran and the Hyades rising are the node stars to the star Arcturus rising. The birth of Arphaxad is 100 years after the birth of Shem. From the rising of the star Arcturus, Shem to the right upper corner star of the Great Square, ARPHAXAD, is 100 days.
ARPHAXAD ARPHAXAD - Biblical age, 438. From the setting of the right upper (outer) corner star of the Great Square, ARPHAXAD, twice around to rising of the star Vega is 438 days. Vega/Lyra and the Great Square are "weakly" node stars.
NOTE: Vega/Lyra is very high in the heavens and sets and rises over a fairly long period of days. Vega is the node star for ALL of the Patriarchs here because all of the stars of the chosen people of God, the Pleiades, Aldebaran and the Hyades and Orion (also Sirius) set almost simultaneously as Vega rises and as the heavenly cross of Cygnus, the Raven (today Swan) rises, thus Vega/Lyra was seen as the "heavenly" cemetary by the ancients. The rising of Vega and Lyra (the "harp" of Heaven) meant the entire "folk of Orion " would be setting, i.e. passing away.
The birth of Salah was 35 years after the birth of Arphaxad. From the rising of the right upper corner star of the Great Square, Arphaxad, to the rising of the left lower corner star of the Great Square, SALAH, is 35 days.
SALAH SALAH - Biblical age, 433. From the setting of the left lower corner star of the Great Square, SALAH, twice around to the rising of the star Vega is 433 days. The difference of 5 days (433 for Salah vs. 438 for Arphaxad) between the two setting corners of the Great Square is exact. Again, Vega/Lyra is the node star to the Great Square. The birth of Eber was 30 years after the birth of Salah. From the rising of the left lower corner star of the Great Square, Salah, to the rising of the star cluster Pleiades, EBER, is 30 days.
EBER EBER - Biblical age, 464 From the rising of the star cluster Pleiades, EBER, twice around to the setting of the star Vega is 464 days. The star Vega rising is the node star to the Pleiades setting. The birth of Peleg was 34 years after the birth of Eber. From the rising of Pleiades to the rising of the star Aldebaran and the Hyades, is 34 days. NOTE: According to the Bible, in Peleg's day, the earth was divided, for the star Aldebaran and the Hyades, PELEG, were one node of the ecliptic with the celestial equator and brother Joktan (Antares) viz. the tip of Scorpio (beta-Scorpionis) was the other node of the ecliptic with the celestial equator (2340 BC). From this time on, ages of the patriarchs are not given as multiples of 365.
PELEG PELEG - Biblical age, 239 From the setting of the star Aldebaran and the Hyades, PELEG, to the setting of the star Vega is 239 days. The star Vega/Lyra rising is the node star to Aldebaran and the Hyades setting. The birth of Reu was 30 years after the birth of Peleg. From the rising of Aldebaran and the Hyades to the stars of Orion's Belt, REU, is 30 days.
REU REU - Biblical age, 239 From the setting of Orion, REU, to the setting of the star Vega is 239 days. The star Vega/Lyra rising is the node star to the stars of Orion setting. The birth of Serug was 32 years after the birth of Reu. From the rising of Orion, Reu, to the rising of the star Sirius, SERUG, is 32 days.
SERUG SERUG - Biblical age, 230 From the setting of the star Sirius, SERUG, to the setting of the star Vega is 230 days. (The difference of 9 days to Orion is exact.) The star Vega/Lyra rising is the node star to the stars of Orion setting. The birth of Nahor was 30 years after the birth of Serug. From the rising of the star Sirius, Serug, to the rising of the star Regulus, NAHOR, is 30 days.
NAHOR NAHOR - Biblical age, 148 From the setting of the star Regulus, NAHOR, to the setting of the star Vega is 148 days. The star Vega/Lyra setting is the node star to the star Regulus rising. The birth of Terah was 29 years after the birth of Nahor. From the rising of the star Regulus, Nahor, to the rising of the star Denebola, TERAH, is 29 days.
TERAH TERAH - Biblical age, 205 From the rising of the star Denebola, TERAH, to the rising of the star beta-Arietis (Aries) is 205 days. The star beta-Arietis rising is the node star to the star Denebola setting. The birth of Abram (Abraham) was 70 years after the birth of Terah. From the rising of the star Denebola, Terah, to the setting of beta-Arietis, ABRAHAM, is 70 days.
ABRAHAM ABRAHAM - Biblical age, 175 From the rising of beta-Arietis, ABRAHAM, to the setting of the right lower corner star of the Great Square is 175 days. Those two stars are the rising and setting node stars to Denebola, Terah, father of Abraham. The birth of Isaac was 100 years after the birth of Abraham. From the rising of the star beta-Arietis, Abraham, to the rising of the star Sirius, ISAAC, is 100 days.
ISAAC ISAAC - Biblical age, 180 From the rising of the star Sirius, ISAAC, to the rising of the star Altair in Aquila is 180 days. Altair setting is the node star to Sirius rising. The birth of Jacob was 60 years after the birth of Isaac. From Sirius, Isaac, to the rising of the star Denebola, noding with the right lower corner star of the Great Square is 60 days, ISAAC, is 60 days.
JACOB JACOB - Biblical age, 147 From the setting of the star Denebola, JACOB, to the rising of the star Denebola, Jacob, is 147 days. Denebola, the Nub, is its own node. (Denebola is exactly half-way each way to the star Rigel (As-Rigel = Israel).
An Estimation of Ages and Seasons Biblical Astronomical Cycles
Although not specifically stated in the Bible, it is possible to estimate Jacob's age at the birth of Joseph from various Biblical passages.
According to the translation in the Revised Standard Version of the Bible "Joseph was 30 years old when he entered the service of Pharaoh king of Egypt. And Joseph went out from the presence of Pharaoh, and went through all the land of Egypt." (Genesis 41:46).
Sometime shortly thereafter (anywhere from 0 to 7 years ?), 7 years of plenty are followed by 7 years of famine. During the 7 years of plenty, Joseph stores grain, so that we must presume some time for the building of granaries, transport logistics, etc. and for the installation of the infrastructure necessary for such stores, since - later - in the period of famine "Joseph opened all the storehouses." (Genesis 41:56)
When Joseph was visited by his brothers the famine was "in the land ... two years". (Genesis 45:6). Shortly thereafter, Jacob and his family came to Egypt. (Thus, in the 2nd year of famine, Joseph was an estimated 39 - 46 years old.)
"And Pharaoh said to Jacob, 'How many are the days of the years of your life' " (Genesis 47:8) "And Jacob said to Pharaoh, 'the days of the years of my sojourning are a hundred and thirty years; few and evil have been the days of the years of my life, and they have not attained to the days of the years of the life of my fathers in the days of their sojourning.' " (Genesis 47:9)
If Jacob is 130 here and Joseph is about 39 - 46 years old, then Jacob was about 84 to 91 years old when Joseph was born. Note that these are "days of the years of sojourning" (=seasons?), as opposed to actual "days of the years of life".
If Jacob was 84 at Joseph's birth, this gives an expected 2300 total "years" (23 x 100) and 100 as the average for all 23 Patriarchs (up to Joseph) for their "ages of sojourning" at the birth of sons.
If Jacob was 91 at Joseph's birth, then the total is 2307, which is exactly divisible by 3 seasons (sojourns?) for a possible total of 769 years, giving an average age of 33.43 for their fatherhoods, whereas 33.33 results from the figure of 2300, and 33 years are reckoned to a generation in ancient sources (this is to be distinguished from the 19 years of a generation reaching adulthood, as reckoned by the Metonic cycle.)
Hence, there are two concepts of "generations" in the Bible 19 years to manhood and adulthood but 33 years to fatherhood (in the idealized sense).
